Condom

The facts: The condom is a thin sheath that fits over an erect penis. It is made of latex, polyurethane, Tactylon or natural membranes ("lambskin" condoms). By creating a physical barrier that prevents semen from entering the vagina, the male condom is very effective in preventing pregnancy. Latex and polyurethane condoms (but not condoms made of natural membranes, which contain microscopic holes) also act as a barrier to the viruses and bacteria that cause sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.

How well it works: Very effective in preventing pregnancy, with effectiveness rates as high as 97 percent, if used correctly.

Pros:
• Provides excellent protection against HIV and some protection against other sexually transmitted diseases.
• Widely sold at pharmacies and grocery stores, does not require a prescription and is inexpensive.
• Very few health risks or side effects.

Cons:
• A small percentage of people are allergic to latex or to spermicides used to lubricate some condoms. Those allergic to latex can use polyurethane condoms, while those allergic to spermicides can use non-lubricated condoms.
• Some men complain that using a condom reduces their pleasure, but others find that condoms enable them to maintain an erection longer.

Where to get it: Can be purchased over-the-counter without a prescription at drug stores.

Cost: Condoms vary in cost. Latex condoms can be found for less than $1 each. Non-latex condoms are more expensive. Many health centers and clinics give condoms away for free.